Items

• secant line

  In geometry, a secant of a curve is a line that intersects the curve in at least two points.
• second

  Each minute is split up into 60 parts, each part being 1 / 60 of a minute.
• second order partial derivatives

  In mathematics, a partial derivative of a function of several variables is its derivative with respect to one of those variables, with the others held constant (as opposed to the total derivative, in which all variables are allowed to vary).
• sector

  The part of a circle enclosed by two radii of a circle and their intercepted arc. A pie-shaped part of a circle.
• segment

  Segment is a part of a line that is bounded by two distinct ends points and contains every point on the line between its endpoints. Examples of line segments include the sides of a triangle or square. In geometry segment of a circle is made up of a chord and an arc.
• semicircle

  A semicircle is a one-dimensional locus of points that forms half of a circle. The full arc of a semicircle always measures 180° (equivalently, π radians, or a half-turn).
• sequence

  A sequence is an enumerated collection of objects in which repetitions are allowed. Like a set, it contains members (also called elements, or terms). The number of elements (possibly infinite) is called the length of the sequence.
• series

  In mathematics, a series is the sum of the terms of a sequence. It is the result of adding up the elements of a sequence, typically expressed using the sigma notation Σ (sigma).
• set

  A set is a collection of distinct objects, considered as an object in its own right. For example, the numbers 2, 4, and 6 are distinct objects when considered separately, but when they are considered collectively they form a single set of size three, written {2,4,6}.
• shell

  A shell is a generalization of an annulus to three dimensions. It is the region between two concentric spheres of differing radii.
• shell method

  The shell method is a method of finding volumes by decomposing a solid of revolution into cylindrical shells. Consider a region in the plane that is divided into thin vertical strips. If each vertical strip is revolved about the x -axis, then the vertical strip generates a disk, as we showed in the disk method.
• sigma notation ( ∑)

  Sigma notation is a convenient and simple form of shorthand used to give a concise expression for a sum of the values of a variable.
• simple harmonic motion

  Simple harmonic motion is a special type of periodic motion or oscillation motion where the restoring force is directly proportional to the displacement and acts in the direction opposite to that of displacement.
• sine

  The trigonometric function that is equal to the ratio of the side opposite a given angle (in a right-angled triangle) to the hypotenuse.
• sinusoidal

  A curve, wave, or function that resembles the shape of a sine wave, characterized by a smooth, periodic oscillation.
• slope

  Slope of a line is a number that measures its "steepness", usually denoted by the letter m. It is the change in y for a unit change in x along the line.
• smooth

  Is a function that has derivatives of all orders everywhere in its domain.
• solution

  A value, or values, we can put in place of a variable (such as x) that makes the equation true. Example: x + 2 = 7. When we put 5 in place of x we get: 5 + 2 = 7.
• sphere

  A sphere is a geometrical figure that is perfectly round, 3-dimensional and circular - like a ball. Geometrically, a sphere is defined as the set of all points equidistant from a single point in space.
• square

  The result of multiplying a number by itself.
• square root

  A value that, when multiplied by itself, gives the number.
• square root function

  A function that maps the set of nonnegative real numbers onto itself.
• standard deviation

  A measure of how spread out or dispersed a set of data is around its mean (average).
• stationary point

  A stationary point of a differentiable function of one variable is a point on the graph of the function where the function's derivative is zero. Informally, it is a point where the function "stops" increasing or decreasing.
• strictly decreasing

  In calculus, a function defined on a subset of the real numbers with real values is called monotonic if and only if it is either entirely non-increasing, or entirely non-decreasing. That is, as per Fig. 1, a function that increases monotonically does not exclusively have to increase, it simply must not decrease.