Economics

Items

• scarcity

  The fundamental problem of having limited resources to satisfy unlimited human wants and needs.
• secondary boycott

  Boycotting actions taken against an organization or company that does business with another organization with whom the primary dispute exists.
• securities

  Tradable financial instruments that represent an ownership stake in a corporation, a creditor relationship with a government or corporation, or rights to ownership.
• sellers

  The quantity of businesses or individuals offering a particular good or service for sale in a given market.
• semi-finished goods

  Goods that have undergone some processing and are used as inputs in the production of finished goods.
• share

  Units of ownership in a company.
• shareholder

  A person, company, or organization that holds stock(s) in a given company.
• shop steward

  An employee elected by the trade union members employed at the workplace.
• shortage

  The quantity demanded of a good or service exceeds the quantity supplied at a given price.
• short run

  A period where at least one input to production is fixed, limiting a firm's ability to fully adjust its production capacity.
• shut-down point

  The price below which a firm is better off temporarily ceasing production than continuing to operate, even if it is making losses.
• socialism

  An economic system where the government or the community owns and controls the means of production, such as factories, land, and resources.
• squatting

  An action of occupying an abandoned or unoccupied area of land or a building (usually residential) that the squatter does not own, rent or otherwise have lawful permission to use.
• stabilization

  Policies and actions aimed at reducing fluctuations and promoting a steady, stable economic environment, often addressing issues like inflation, unemployment, or deflation.
• stagflation

  An economic situation where there is slow economic growth, high unemployment, and rising inflation.
• staple foods

  Food that is eaten often and in such quantities that it constitutes a dominant portion of a standard diet for an individual or a population group, supplying a large fraction of energy needs and generally forming a significant proportion of the intake of other nutrients as well.
• start-up capital

  The initial funds needed to establish and launch a new business.
• stocks

  Ownership shares in a company, giving the owner a claim on a portion of the company's assets, earnings, and potentially voting rights.
• stokvel

  Credit union in which a group of people enter into an agreement to contribute a fixed amount of money to a common pool weekly, fortnightly or monthly.
• subsidy

  A financial aid or benefit provided by a government or organization to support a particular activity or industry, often to encourage specific behaviours or reduce production costs.
• suppliers

  Entities that provide goods or services.
• supply

  The quantity of a good or service that producers are willing and able to offer for sale at a specific price and time.
• surplus

  Having more of something than is needed or used, whether it's income, resources, assets, or even goods.
• tariff

  A tax imposed by a government on imported goods.
• taxation

  The imposition of compulsory levies on individuals or entities by governments in almost every country of the world.